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Sports ScienceQ&A by dot point
A short Q&A bank for every Singapore Sports Science syllabus dot point. Each question and answer is drawn directly from our worked dot-point page, so you can scan key concepts before opening the long-form answer.
Biomechanics and Movement Analysis
- Apply the concepts of force, speed and Newton's laws of motion to sporting actions2Q&A pairs
- Classify the three lever systems in the body and calculate mechanical advantage to explain force and range of movement3Q&A pairs
- Describe the planes and axes of movement and use them to analyse sporting actions such as somersaults and twists2Q&A pairs
- Explain the factors affecting the flight path of a projectile, including angle, speed and height of release1Q&A pairs
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
- Describe the components and functions of blood and the structure of arteries, veins and capillaries, including vascular shunting in exercise3Q&A pairs
- Explain the mechanics of breathing and gas exchange, and describe how breathing rate and tidal volume change with exercise2Q&A pairs
- Describe the structure of the heart and trace the path of blood through its chambers and major vessels3Q&A pairs
- Describe the cardiac cycle and define heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output, calculating target heart-rate training zones4Q&A pairs
- Describe the structure of the respiratory system and trace the passage of air from the nose to the alveoli2Q&A pairs
Energy Systems and Fitness Components
- Compare aerobic and anaerobic energy production, including the role of oxygen, lactic acid and EPOC, with sporting examples2Q&A pairs
- Distinguish health-related from skill-related fitness and define each component with a sporting example3Q&A pairs
- Describe tests for health-related fitness and calculate and interpret body mass index as a measure of body composition1Q&A pairs
- Describe tests for skill-related fitness and interpret scores against norm tables to identify training needs3Q&A pairs
Principles and Methods of Training
- Describe the main methods of training (continuous, interval, circuit, fartlek, weight, flexibility) and match each to a fitness goal2Q&A pairs
- Explain periodisation of a training year and the role of rest, recovery and overtraining in adaptation2Q&A pairs
- Explain the principles of training (specificity, progressive overload, reversibility, tedium) and apply FITT to a programme2Q&A pairs
- Explain training intensity using heart-rate thresholds and determine which training zone a measured heart rate falls into2Q&A pairs
Safety and Injury Prevention
- Classify common sports injuries as acute or chronic and describe the causes and signs of soft-tissue and hard-tissue injuries2Q&A pairs
- Apply the RICE procedure to treat soft-tissue injuries and identify when professional medical help is required1Q&A pairs
- Explain how a risk assessment is carried out and describe measures that prevent injury in sport and physical activity2Q&A pairs
- Describe the structure and benefits of a warm-up and a cool-down and explain how each reduces injury and aids recovery2Q&A pairs
Skill Acquisition
- Classify motor skills using continua (open and closed, gross and fine, simple and complex) and justify the placement1Q&A pairs
- Describe the information-processing model (input, decision making, output, feedback) and the factors affecting reaction time1Q&A pairs
- Describe the cognitive, associative and autonomous stages of learning and the coaching appropriate to each1Q&A pairs
- Describe the types of practice, guidance and feedback and select the most appropriate for a given skill and learner3Q&A pairs
Sports Psychology
- Distinguish aggression from assertion in sport and describe strategies a performer can use to control aggression1Q&A pairs
- Explain the relationship between arousal and performance and describe techniques to control anxiety3Q&A pairs
- Explain the benefits of goal setting and apply the SMART principles to write effective sporting goals1Q&A pairs
- Explain intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and describe how each can be used to improve sporting performance3Q&A pairs
The Musculoskeletal System
- Explain how muscles work in antagonistic pairs and describe the roles of agonist, antagonist, fixator and synergist using sporting actions2Q&A pairs
- Classify the main types of synovial joint and describe the movements each permits, with sporting examples2Q&A pairs
- Describe the functions of the skeleton and classify bones by shape, relating each to its role in support, protection and movement2Q&A pairs
- Distinguish the three muscle types, locate the major skeletal muscles, and explain how slow and fast twitch fibres suit different events3Q&A pairs