Skip to main content

Back to the full dot-point answer

SingaporeChemistryQuick questions

Analytical Techniques

Quick questions on Proton NMR spectroscopy: Singapore A-Level H2 Chemistry

7short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.

What is chemical shift?
Show answer
Different chemical environments give different chemical shifts (read from the data-booklet table). Rough guide:
What is integration?
Show answer
The area under each peak (the integration trace) is proportional to the number of protons in that environment. A ratio of areas 3:2:13:2:1, for example, suggests a CH3\text{CH}_3, a CH2\text{CH}_2 and one other proton.
What is spin-spin splitting?
Show answer
A proton's signal is split by the protons on neighbouring carbon atoms, because their spin states slightly alter the local magnetic field. The n+1 rule: a proton with nn equivalent neighbouring protons is split into (n+1)(n+1) peaks:
What is d2O exchange?
Show answer
Protons on O-H and N-H groups can exchange with deuterium when D2O is added. After shaking with D2O, the O-H or N-H peak disappears (the proton is replaced by a non-absorbing deuterium). So a peak that vanishes on adding D2O identifies an exchangeable OH or NH proton.
What is q1?
Show answer
Predict the splitting pattern of each proton environment in 1,1,2-trichloroethane, CHCl2CH2Cl\text{CHCl}_2\text{CH}_2\text{Cl}. [2 marks]
What is q2?
Show answer
Explain how you would use D2O to identify the O-H proton in a spectrum. [2 marks]
What is q3?
Show answer
A spectrum shows integration ratio 9:19:1. Suggest a structural feature consistent with the 9-proton peak. [1 mark]

Have a question we have not covered?

This dot-point answer is short enough that we have not extracted many short questions yet. Read the full dot-point answer or ask Mo, our study assistant, in the chat for follow ups.

All ChemistryQ&A pages