Variable Weather and Changing Climate quiz for O-Level Geography (SEAB 2236) quiz

There is no difference

Weather is the short-term state of the atmosphere; climate is the long-term average over many years

Climate changes hour to hour; weather is the long-term average

Weather only refers to rainfall; climate only refers to temperature

The type of soil

The age of the rocks

The depth of the ocean

Air pressure

A rain gauge

A barometer

An anemometer

A hygrometer

To make them look neat

To shield them from direct sunlight and rain while allowing free air flow, so readings are fair and comparable

To keep them warm

To stop them from working at night

Air sinking and warming

Water freezing on the ground

Air rising, cooling and condensing to form clouds and rain

Wind blowing horizontally with no uplift

Moist air rising over a mountain

Cold air sinking and warming

Warm air meeting cold air at a front

Intense surface heating making warm, moist air rise rapidly

Moist air is forced to rise over high ground such as mountains, cooling and condensing

Warm and cold air masses collide on flat ground

The Sun heats a flat plain very strongly

Wind blows the sea inland

Hot summers and cold winters with a large temperature range

Hot and wet all year with high uniform temperatures and a small annual range

Cold and dry all year

A long dry season followed by a short wet season

Because it is close to the poles

Because warm ocean currents only reach it in summer

Because the Sun is high, close to overhead, throughout the year, giving intense and fairly constant insolation

Because it is at high altitude

Because cold fronts pass through daily

Because the sea level rises in the afternoon

Because it is downwind of a desert

Because intense daytime heating drives strong convection that lifts moist air to condense into towering clouds

The different rates at which land and sea heat and cool, creating shifting pressure

The movement of tectonic plates

Changes in the length of the day only

Volcanic eruptions

From the land out to the sea

From the sea onto the land, drawn in by low pressure over the heated land

From the poles toward the Equator only

Straight upward into space

It has no effect on daily life

It permanently changes the climate overnight

Heavy monsoon rains can cause floods that damage homes and crops, while a weak monsoon can bring drought

It stops the Sun from rising