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Climate Change and Its Impacts
Quick questions on Evidence for climate change explained: O-Level Geography
6short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.
What are rising global temperatures?Show answer
The most direct evidence is the instrumental temperature record from thermometers at weather stations, ships and buoys worldwide. It shows that global average temperature has risen by about since around 1900, with most of the warming occurring since the 1970s and recent years among the warmest on record. The trend is upward and accelerating.
What are rising sea levels?Show answer
Global sea level is rising, measured by tide gauges and satellites. There are two causes, both linked to warming: the melting of land ice (glaciers and ice sheets) adds water to the oceans, and the thermal expansion of seawater, as warmer water takes up more space, raises the level further.
What is longer-term proxy evidence?Show answer
Thermometers only go back about 150 years, so scientists use proxy records, natural archives of past climate:
What is q1?Show answer
State two pieces of evidence, other than temperature records, that the climate is warming. [2 marks]
What is q2?Show answer
Explain why scientists use ice cores to study past climate. [2 marks]
What is q3?Show answer
Explain why rising sea levels are partly caused by warming even without ice melting. [2 marks]
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