Quick questions on The cell and its organelles explained: O-Level Biology

Cell wall. A tough outer layer made of cellulose, outside the cell membrane. It is fully permeable and gives the cell a fixed shape and support. (Animal cells have no cell wall.)

A thin layer around the cell that controls what enters and leaves. It is partially permeable, meaning it lets some substances through but not others.

A jelly-like material that fills the cell. Most of the chemical reactions of the cell happen here, and it holds the organelles in place.

A large rounded structure that contains the genetic material (DNA). It controls all the activities of the cell and controls cell division.

Small sausage-shaped organelles where aerobic respiration takes place, releasing energy for the cell. Cells that need a lot of energy, such as muscle cells, have many mitochondria.

A tough outer layer made of cellulose, outside the cell membrane. It is fully permeable and gives the cell a fixed shape and support. (Animal cells have no cell wall.)

Green organelles that contain the pigment chlorophyll. They are the site of photosynthesis, the process that makes food using light energy. They are found in the green parts of a plant.

A large permanent space filled with cell sap (a watery solution of sugars and salts). When full, it pushes outward and keeps the cell firm, which helps support the plant. (Animal cells may have small, temporary vacuoles only.)

State the function of the cell surface membrane. [1 mark]

A cell has a cell wall, chloroplasts and a large vacuole. State whether it is a plant or an animal cell and give a reason. [2 marks]

Explain why a muscle cell contains many mitochondria. [2 marks]