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Further Calculus

Quick questions on Maclaurin series explained: H2 Further Mathematics

7short Q&A pairs drawn directly from our worked dot-point answer. For full context and worked exam questions, read the parent dot-point page.

What is the Maclaurin formula?
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The Maclaurin series expands a function as a power series about x=0x = 0:
What is deriving a series by repeated differentiation?
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When derivatives are easy, differentiate f\mathrm{f} repeatedly, evaluate each derivative at 00, and substitute. For a function defined implicitly (for example y=ln(1+sinx)y = \ln(1 + \sin x)), it is usually neater to clear the denominator to get a relation such as (1+sinx)y=cosx(1 + \sin x)y' = \cos x, then differentiate that relation repeatedly with the product rule, evaluating at x=0x = 0 at each stage to generate y,y,y,y', y'', y''', \dots in turn.
What is combining series?
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Build new series by substitution (for example x2xx \to 2x), multiplication, or term-by-term differentiation and integration. This is faster than repeated differentiation when a standard series applies.
What are series for limits?
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A limit of the form 00\dfrac{0}{0} as x0x \to 0 is found by replacing numerator and denominator with their series and cancelling the lowest powers of xx. The surviving constant term is the limit. This is a clean alternative to repeated L'Hopital differentiation.
What is q1?
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Write the Maclaurin series of ex\mathrm{e}^x up to the term in x3x^3. [1 mark]
What is q2?
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Use series to evaluate limx01cosxx2\displaystyle\lim_{x\to 0}\dfrac{1 - \cos x}{x^2}. [2 marks]
What is q3?
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If y=(1+x)1/2y = (1 + x)^{1/2}, give the first three terms of its Maclaurin series. [2 marks]

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